英语定语从句,定语从句专项训练50题可打印

果果英语网 2023-09-02

英语定语从句?如果主语和定语从句之间有个逗号,它就是非限制性定语从句。引导非限制性的定语从句的关系词有:which,who, when, where, why, whom, whose. 九.分隔性的定语从句 有时定语从句和先行词之间被其他词隔开,把这种从句叫分隔性的定语从句。那么,英语定语从句?一起来了解一下吧。

定语从句专项训练50题可打印

什么是英语定语从句

定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词.定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出.定义复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句,它起定语...

行词是定语从句的引导词前面的名词.在定语从句中充当一定的成分.

被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词.

我们可以这样认为, 之所以称它为先行词, 是因为修饰它的定语从句总是放在它之后, 先拦尺笑行词总是出现在定语从句之前, 而不同于普通形容词修饰名词时, 形容词位于名词之前.

This is the book which I am looking for.中的book是先行词,which是引导词.

He is Mr. Robertson who comes from England. 中的Mr. Robertson.是先行词,who是引导词.

简单的说,就是和修饰宾语的词或从句,词就是先行词

一、先行词与关系词

A.什么是先行词

被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词.我们可以这样认为, 之所以称它为先行词, 是因为修饰它的定语从句总是放在它之后, 先行词总是出现在定语从句之前, 而不同于普通形容词修饰名词时, 形容词位于名词之前.

Don’t forget the book that I told you to bring. (the book为先行词) 别忘了把我让你带的书带过来.

B.先行词与关系词的.关系

引导定语从句的词被称为关系词.关系词根据其在定语从句中的功能可分为关系代词和关系副词.关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等, 关系副词在定语从句中作状语.

含有定语从句的句子一般分为两层:即主句层(第一层),定语从句层(第二层).

C.先行词与关系词的种类

1. 常见的关系代词

2.常见的关系副词

二、限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句

根据定语从句与先行词间关系的紧密程度, 我们将定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句.

A.限定性定语从句

限定性定语从句, 用来修饰和限定先行词, 与先行词间的关系非常密切, 它所修饰的先行词代表一个(些)或一类特写的人或物, 从句用来说明先行词的性质、身份、特征等状况, 如果去掉, 则意思含混不清.

A doctor is a person who looks after people’s health.

(who引导的限定性定语从句, 修饰先行词a person.who在从句中作主语.) 医生就是照顾病人的人.

B.非限定性定语从句

1.非限定性定语从句的特点

非限定性定语从句起补充说明作用, 也不会影响全句的理解, 译为汉语时常常不译作定语, 而根据句意翻译为相应的其他形式的从句.对它与主句的关系不如限定性定语从句的关系紧密, 只是对先行词作些附加说明, 即使去掉,

主句的意思依然清楚.在非限定性定语从句的前面往往有逗号隔开, 如若将非限定性定语从句放在句子困渣中间, 其前后都需要用逗号隔开.

C.限简含定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句的区别

限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句在结构、用法及意义上差别很大.定语从句及相关术语:

定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词.定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出.

1.定语从句:定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句,其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分,相当于形容词,所以又称为形容词性从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面.

2.关系词:引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词,关系词有关系代词和关系副词.关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等;关系副词有where, when, why等.关系词常有3个作用:1,引导定语从句.2,代替先行词.3,在定语从句中担当一个成分.

注:关系代词有主语.宾语之分.一般whom作为宾语.

4.定语:定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的,是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子,汉语中常用‘……的’表示.主要由形容词担任.此外,名词,代词,数词,分词,副词,不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任,也可以由一个句子来担任.单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前,作前置定语.短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后,作后置定语.

先行词:被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词.

关系代词引导的定语从句举例.

关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分.关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致.

1、who, whom, that

这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:

(1) Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是想见你的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)

(2) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人.(whom/that在从句中作宾语)

2、Whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换)

(1) They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙.

(2) Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书.

3、 which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,例如:

(1) A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣.(which / that在句中作主语)

(2) The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了.(which / that在句中作宾语)

定语从句简单例句50句

定语从句是在句子中充当定语成分的从句,修饰名词和代词,即主语和宾语.下面是我认为比较要的点(从网上找的).

That 指人漏孝或物 which 指人或物(定语从句中)

[注意] 1、because与so;(al)though与but;if与so不可以同在一个句子中成对出现.

2、时间、条件、原因,让步状语从句放在句首时需要用逗号与主句隔开.

条件状语从句中没有将来时,用一般现在代将来.

定语从句:在复合句中作定语用修饰句子中某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句.① 定语从句的位置:放在名词或代词的后面.如:The man who has an umbrella in his hand is my uncle.

② 语法术语的改变:被修饰的名词或代词称为先行词;引导定语从句的连接词称为关系词,其中that、which、who称为关系代词,where、when、how称为关系副词.

③ 关系代词或关系副词的作用:关系代词who、whom 和whose指人,分别在从句中作主语、宾语和定语.which指物,that多指物,有时也指人,它们在从句中可以作主语或宾语.定语从句中关系代词作从句宾语时可以省略.This is the thief (that/who/whom) we have been looking for these days./ Please find a room which is big enough for all of us to live in.关系副词when或where引导定语从句时,它们在从句中分别作时间状语和地点状语.如:This is the room where they had a quarrel a week ago./ I can never forget the day when I first saw you.

④ 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句.限制性定语从句在句中不能省略,否则主句意思就不完整.非限制性定语从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开,这种从句是一种附加说明,如果从句子中省去模穗,也不至于影响主句的意思.如:She spent the whole evening talking about her latest book,which none of us had heard of.

[注解] 1、关系代词只能用that的情况:当先行词是指事物的不定代词(all,anything等),或先行词部分含有最高级,或含有序数词时,不能用其他的关系代词,只能用that.如:All that Lily told me seems untrue./ Can you give me anything that has no sugar inside?This is the first two-story bus that runs in our city.

2、先行词既有指人的名词又有指物的名词时,关系代词用that而旦搜卜不用which.

Do you know the things and persons (that) they are talking about?

3.、主语是there be 句型时关系代词用that.

There is a book on the desk that I am very interested in.

3、关系代词在从句中作主语时一般用who(指人)、that(指物),而不用that指人或用which指物.如:Do you know the woman who is weeping in the corner(?/ Do not tell me any words that have nothing to do with me.

4、关系代词作从句的宾语时,常用which或whom,较少使用that或who,而且,关系代词常常省略.如:Tom’s father was the first parent whom our teacher talked to.

5、当关系代词紧跟在介词后面时,必须用which或whom,而当介词移到句尾时,则又可以使用that或who.如:This is the room in which Miss Li once lived.(= This is the room Miss Li once lived in.

6、as引导非限制定语从句位置较灵活,可以放在主语前中后,which 引导的定语从句只能放在主语之后.

As everybody knows,Shakespeare is a famous writer.

Shakespeare,as everybody knows,is a famous writer.

Shakespeare is a famous writer,as everybody knows.

The plan worked out very well,which is more than we could expect.

.

5.只用which,不用that的情况:

引导非限制性定语从句时;

引导词前有介词时;

一个句子中若有两个定语从句,一个用that引导,另一个用which引导;

e.g.He bought a book that could give him much knowledge and which could help him to kill the time.

6.当those作为先行词指人时,通常只能用who引导;

as 从句的先行词是the same,such,或被他们所修饰;多用于表示肯定意义的从句中,不用于表否定意义的从句中.

e.g.Many of the sports are the same as they were when they started.

The result was not such as he expected.

It was raining hard,which(as) was unexpected.

8.介词+关系代词要根据

谓语动词的固定搭配 e.g.This is the evidence with which the case is connected.

先行词 e.g.I'll never forget the day on whichwhen I joined the party.

c.句子表达的意思 e.g.The boss in whose department Mr King worked got sacked.

d.在非限制性定语从句中,名词代词+of+whichwhom表示整体与部分的关系

e.g.The workers,some of whom stayed for four years,came from different countries.

e.介词的位置一般放在关系代词之前,有时也可放在从句中原来的位置上.

e.g.We did it in the same way in which he didwhich he did in.

9.That 作为关联词可以当作关系副词用

e.g.This is the house in which Louis XIII lived.

This is the house that Louis XIII lived.

This is the house where Louis XIII lived.

This is house which Louis XIII lived in.

This is the house Louis XIII lived in.

英语定语从句状语从句的区别

定语从句是初中英语的一个重要知识点,下面总结了英语定语从句的相关知识点,供大家参考。

什么是定语从句

定语从句(也称关系从句、形容词性从句),一个句子跟在一个名词或代词(先行词)后进行修饰限定(对词句进行补充、修饰、限定,进而使原句内容更完整),就叫做定语从句。按语法句式,圆物定语从句在整个句子中做定语的成分 。被修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句不同于单词作定语的情况,它通常只能放在被修饰的词(即先行词)之后。

定语从句由关系词(关系代词、关系副词)引导,关系代词、关系副词位于定语从句句首。

定语从句易错易混点归纳

1.关系代词和关系副词的混用。

例:I’ll never forget the days when I spent in New York with you.改:when应改为which或that。

2.固定句式出差错。

例:Mary is so lovely a girl as everybody loves her.改:as应改为that。

3.主谓不一消腔陆致。

例:Tom is one of the students who likes swimming.改:likes应改为like。

4.与强调句型及其他句型的混合。

英语定语从句如何判断

定语从句是英语常见的用来联系多个句子的句型,作用强大而且简单易用。我在这里整理了相关知识,快来学习学习吧!

英语语法:定 语 从 句

一、关系代词引导的定语从句

1、that 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语

which 指物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语(作宾语时可以省略)

who 指人在从句中作主语,宾语或表语

whom 指人在从句中作宾语

whose 指人或物在从句中作定语

as 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语

but 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语

注意:指物时,whose+名词=the+名词+of which或 of which+the+名词

2、as 的用法

(1)常用于下列结构:such…as; so…as;the same…as; as…as

注意:the same…as 表示同一类,不同一个

the same…that 表示同一个悔闷滑

(2)as与which的区别

a、位置不同

as可放在主句后,主句前

或主句中间;which只能放在主句后。

b、as起连接作用,表达说话人的观点、看法,并指出主句内容的根据或出处,意为“正如,正像”。

Which相当于并列句,可以用and this来代替,意为“这一点,这件事’”。

英语定语从句知识点总结笔记

我已最详细的介绍定语从句(the attributive clause)让你更好的掌握

一.什么叫定语从句?

一个句子作定语就叫定语从句。

二.定洞氏语从句的结构及种类

1. 结构:关系词+主语+谓语+其它

2. 种类:限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句

三.关系词的分类及关系词

1. 关系代词:who,whom, whose, that ,which, as

2. 关系副词:when,where,why

四.关系词的功用

1. 起连接作用,引导定语从句

2. 在定语从句中作一个成分——主语,宾语,状语,定语,表语。

五.什么是先行词?

被定语从句所修饰的词是先行词。

六.关系词的用法

1. who

当先行词是指人得名词或代词,而且关系词在句中作主语时,选who。

The boy who is standing over there is Tom.

He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man.

2. whom

当先行词是指人得名词,而且关系词在句中作主语时,选whom.

This is our English teacher whom everybody likes.

3. whose

① 当先行词是指人的名词,而且关系词在句中作定语时,选whose.

This is my deskmate whose father works in a factory.

② 当先行词是指物的名词,而且关系在句中派颤纳作定语时,选whose.

We study in a classroom whose windows face to the south.

4. that

① 当先行词是指物的名词,关系词在句中作主语时,选that.

This is a machine that can walk.

② 当先行词是指物的名词,关系词在句中作宾语时,选that. 另外,that可以省略。

以上就是英语定语从句的全部内容,定语从句英文是attributive clause。定语从句(也称关系从句、形容词性从句),是指一类由关系词(relative word)引导的从句,因为这类从句的句法功能多是做定语。所以曾被称为定语从句(attributive clause),内容来源于互联网,信息真伪需自行辨别。如有侵权请联系删除。

下一篇: 怎么学习语法,怎样学好英语语法
上一篇: 英语什么是语法,英语常见固定搭配句型
相关文章
返回顶部