托福考试真题？农业使人口增长了很多，农耕的人需要比游牧民族付出更多努力，因为要培育农作物，但是农民的食物更稳定。虽然农民的食物来源稳定，但是证据表明他们更矮且死得更早。因为有疾病、水污染和禽流感。那么，托福考试真题？一起来了解一下吧。

托福考试时间2023

备考托福阅读，需要考生们进行认真确认，保证能够顺利的通过考试。下面和我来一起看看2021年11月13日托福阅读考试真题及答案，欢迎阅读。

2021年11月13日托福阅读考试真题

R1

水母数量增加

R2

微塑料问题

R3

早期地球形成和地磁场

R4

花的进化

R5

柯伊伯带、奥尔特星云和卫星

R6

古埃及人渔猎行为，尼罗河三角洲的形成

托福阅读的做题步骤的建议

对于基础不太好且备考时间比较短，同时对于分数要求不是特别高的学员，以下步骤更可能会迟滚帮你考到你目前水平的最高阅读分值：

1.读文章的标题，尝试预测文章的内容；

2.尝试阅读第一段，因为这里通常会有文章的主旨出现，以后每一段读第一句，这里通常是段落中心句；

3.读题，通过题目的定位信息去段落中快速扫读寻找定位信息（无论是按照什么样的扫读方式，找到位置即可）；

4.理解文章定位处的信息，尝试预判答案；

5.根据文章信息匹配选项选择。

对于基础比较好，且想要获得稳定高分的学员（比如考场上状态再差也不会低于竖冲29分），以下步骤可能更能满足你的要求：

1.读文章的标题，预测文章的内容；

2.先读段落，识别出文章的主旨句和每段的中心句（如果存在的话），以及段落的层次（各种逻辑关系，比如并列、因果、对比、转折、举例等）；

3.再审题，根据题目所问，再找到文章答案的位置，仔细阅读，对比选项选择。

托福考试多长时间

相信备考托福的同学都知道滑塌托福TPO的重要性，为了方便大家备考，下面我给瞎宴大家整理出托福TPO1阅读真题原文及答案翻译，希望大家喜欢磨让银。

托福TPO1阅读真题原文Part3

Timberline Vegetation on Mountains

The transition from forest to treeless tundra on a mountain slope is often a dramatic one. Within a vertical distance of just a few tens of meters, trees disappear as a life-form and are replaced by low shrubs, herbs, and grasses. This rapid zone of transition is called the upper timberline or tree line. In many semiarid areas there is also a lower timberline where the forest passes into steppe or desert at its lower edge, usually because of a lack of moisture.

The upper timberline, like the snow line, is highest in the tropics and lowest in the Polar Regions. It ranges from sea level in the Polar Regions to 4,500 meters in the dry subtropics and 3,500-4,500 meters in the moist tropics. Timberline trees are normally evergreens, suggesting that these have some advantage over deciduous trees (those that lose their leaves) in the extreme environments of the upper timberline. There are some areas, however, where broadleaf deciduous trees form the timberline. Species of birch, for example, may occur at the timberline in parts of the Himalayas.

At the upper timberline the trees begin to become twisted and deformed. This is particularly true for trees in the middle and upper latitudes, which tend to attain greater heights on ridges, whereas in the tropics the trees reach their greater heights in the valleys. This is because middle- and upper- latitude timberlines are strongly influenced by the duration and depth of the snow cover. As the snow is deeper and lasts longer in the valleys, trees tend to attain greater heights on the ridges, even though they are more exposed to high-velocity winds and poor, thin soils there. In the tropics, the valleys appear to be more favorable because they are less prone to dry out, they have less frost, and they have deeper soils.

There is still no universally agreed-on explanation for why there should be such a dramatic cessation of tree growth at the upper timberline. Various environmental factors may play a role. Too much snow, for example, can smother trees, and avalanches and snow creep can damage or destroy them. Late-lying snow reduces the effective growing season to the point where seedlings cannot establish themselves. Wind velocity also increases with altitude and may cause serious stress for trees, as is made evident by the deformed shapes at high altitudes. Some scientists have proposed that the presence of increasing levels of ultraviolet light with elevation may play a role, while browsing and grazing animals like the ibex may be another contributing factor. Probably the most important environmental factor is temperature, for if the growing season is too short and temperatures are too low, tree shoots and buds cannot mature sufficiently to survive the winter months.

Above the tree line there is a zone that is generally called alpine tundra. Immediately adjacent to the timberline, the tundra consists of a fairly complete cover of low-lying shrubs, herbs, and grasses, while higher up the number and diversity of species decrease until there is much bare ground with occasional mosses and lichens and some prostrate cushion plants. Some plants can even survive in favorable microhabitats above the snow line. The highest plants in the world occur at around 6,100 meters on Makalu in the Himalayas. At this great height, rocks, warmed by the sun, melt small snowdrifts.

The most striking characteristic of the plants of the alpine zone is their low growth form. This enables them to avoid the worst rigors of high winds and permits them to make use of the higher temperatures immediately adjacent to the ground surface. In an area where low temperatures are limiting to life, the importance of the additional heat near the surface is crucial. The low growth form can also permit the plants to take advantage of the insulation provided by a winter snow cover. In the equatorial mountains the low growth form is less prevalent.

Paragraph 1: The transition from forest to treeless tundra on a mountain slope is often adramatic one. Within a vertical distance of just a few tens of meters, trees disappear as a life-form and are replaced by low shrubs, herbs, and grasses. This rapid zone of transition is called the upper timberline or tree line. In many semiarid areas there is also a lower timberline where the forest passes into steppe or desert at its lower edge, usually because of a lack of moisture.

托福TPO1阅读真题题目Part3

1. The word "dramatic" in the passage is closest in meaning to

○gradual

○complex

○visible

○striking

2. Where is the lower timberline mentioned in paragraph 1 likely to be found?

○In an area that has little water

○In an area that has little sunlight

○Above a transition area

○On a mountain that has on upper timberline.

3. Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 1 about both the upper and lower timberlines?

○Both are treeless zones.

○Both mark forest boundaries.

○Both are surrounded by desert areas.

○Both suffer from a lack of moisture.

Paragraph 2: The upper timberline, like the snow line, is highest in the tropics and lowest in the Polar Regions. It ranges from sea level in the Polar Regions to 4,500 meters in the dry subtropics and 3,500-4,500 meters in the moist tropics. Timberline trees are normally evergreens, suggesting that these have some advantage over deciduous trees (those that lose their leaves) in the extreme environments of the upper timberline. There are some areas, however, where broadleaf deciduous trees form the timberline. Species of birch, for example, may occur at the timberline in parts of the Himalayas.

4. Paragraph 2 supports which of the following statements about deciduous trees?

○They cannot grow in cold climates.

○They do not exist at the upper timberline.

○They are less likely than evergreens to survive at the upper timberline.

○They do not require as much moisture as evergreens do.

Paragraph 3: At the upper timberline the trees begin to become twisted and deformed. This is particularly true for trees in the middle and upper latitudes, which tend to attain greater heights on ridges, whereas in the tropics the trees reach their greater heights in the valleys. This is because middle- and upper- latitude timberlines are strongly influenced by the duration and depth of the snow cover. As the snow is deeper and lasts longer in the valleys, trees tend to attain greater heights on the ridges, even though they are more exposed to high-velocity winds and poor, thin soils there. In the tropics, the valleys appear to be more favorable because they are less prone to dry out, they have less frost, and they have deeper soils.

5. The word "attain" in the passage is closest in meaning to

○require

○resist

○achieve

○endure

6. The word "they" in the passage refers to

○valleys

○trees

○heights

○ridges

7. The word "prone" in the passage is closest in meaning to

○adapted

○likely

○difficult

○resistant

8. According to paragraph 3, which of the following is true of trees in the middle and upper latitudes?

○Tree growth is negatively affected by the snow cover in valleys

○Tree growth is greater in valleys than on ridges.

○Tree growth on ridges is not affected by high-velocity winds.

○Tree growth lasts longer in those latitudes than it does in the tropics.

Paragraph 4：There is still no universally agreed-on explanation for why there should be such a dramatic cessation of tree growth at the upper timberline. Various environmental factors may play a role. Too much snow, for example, can smother trees, and avalanches and snow creep can damage or destroy them. Late-lying snow reduces the effective growing season to the point where seedlings cannot establish themselves. Wind velocity also increases with altitude and may cause serious stress for trees, as is made evident by the deformed shapes at high altitudes. Some scientists have proposed that the presence of increasing levels of ultraviolet light with elevation may play a role, while browsing and grazing animals like the ibex may be another contributing factor. Probably the most important environmental factor is temperature, for if the growing season is too short and temperatures are too low, tree shoots and buds cannot mature sufficiently to survive the winter months.

9. Which of the sentences below best express the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? In correct choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.

○Because of their deformed shapes at high altitudes, trees are not likely to be seriously harmed by the strong winds typical of those altitudes.

○As altitude increases, the velocity of winds increase, leading to a serious decrease in the number of trees found at high altitudes.

○The deformed shapes of trees at high altitudes show that wind velocity, which increase with altitude, can cause serious hardship for trees.

○Increased wind velocity at high altitudes deforms the shapes of trees, and this may cause serious stress for trees.

10. In paragraph 4, what is the author's main purpose in the discussion of the dramatic cessation of tree growth at the upper timberline?

○To argue that none of several environment factors that are believed to contribute to that phenomenon do in fact play a role in causing it.

○To argue in support of one particular explanation of that phenomenon against several competing explanations

○To explain why the primary environmental factor responsible for that phenomenon has not yet been identified

○To present several environmental factors that may contribute to a satisfactory explanation of that phenomenon

Paragraph 6: The most striking characteristic of the plants of the alpine zone is their low growth form. This enables them to avoid the worst rigors of high winds and permits them to make use of the higher temperatures immediately adjacent to the ground surface. In an area where low temperatures are limiting to life, the importance of the additional heat near the surface is crucial. The low growth form can also permit the plants to take advantage of the insulation provided by a winter snow cover. In the equatorial mountains the low growth form is lessprevalent.

11. The word "prevalent" in the passage is closest in meaning to

○predictable

○widespread

○successful

○developed

12. According to paragraph 6, all of the following statements are true of plants in the alpine zone EXCEPT:

○Because they are low, they are less exposed to strong winds.

○Because they are low, the winter snow cover gives them more protection from the extreme cold.

○In the equatorial mountains, they tend to be lower than in mountains elsewhere.

○Their low growth form keeps them closer to the ground, where there is more heat than further up.

Paragraph 5: Above the tree line there is a zone that is generally called alpine tundra. █Immediately adjacent to the timberline, the tundra consists of a fairly complete cover of low-lying shrubs, herbs, and grasses, while higher up the number and diversity of species decrease until there is much bare ground with occasional mosses and lichens and some prostrate cushion plants. █Some plants can even survive in favorable microhabitats above the snow line. The highest plants in the world occur at around 6,100 meters on Makalu in the Himalayas. █At this great height, rocks, warmed by the sun, melt small snowdrifts. █

13. Look at the four squares [█] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.

This explains how, for example, alpine cushion plants have been found growing at an altitude of 6,180 meters.

Where would the sentence best fit?

14. Directions: An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answer choices that express the most important ideas in the passage. Some sentences do not belong in the summary because they express ideas that are not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage. This question is worth 2 points.

At the timberline, whether upper or lower, there is a profound change in the growth of trees and other plants.

●

●

●

Answer choices

○Birch is one of the few species of tree that can survive in the extreme environments of the upper timberline.

○There is no agreement among scientists as to exactly why plant growth is sharply different above and below the upper timberline.

○The temperature at the upper timberline is probably more important in preventing tree growth than factors such as the amount of snowfall or the force of winds.

○The geographical location of an upper timberline has an impact on both the types of trees found there and their physical characteristics.

○High levels of ultraviolet light most likely play a greater role in determining tree growth at the upper timberline than do grazing animals such as the ibex.

○Despite being adjacent to the timberline, the alpine tundra is an area where certain kinds of low trees can endure high winds and very low temperatures

托福TPO1阅读真题答案Part3

答案：

1. ○4

2. ○1

3. ○2

4. ○3

5. ○3

6. ○2

7. ○2

8. ○1

9. ○3

10. ○4

11. ○2

12. ○3

13. ○4

14. There is no agreement among…

Despite being adjacent …

The geographical location of…

托福TPO1阅读真题Part3原文翻译

山上树带界线的植被

通常从山坡上的森林到没有树的苔原是一种非常戏剧化的转变。

托福水平在线自测

托福阅读考试是最容易拿分的一部分，但是很多同学不知道要怎么备考阅读考试，关于阅读考试大家可以做一下真题，下面是分享的托福阅读考试真题和答案解析。

考试真题与解析

珊瑚礁种群

本文讨论珊瑚礁相关的生态，通过讨论珊瑚内外部的竞争来讲对珊瑚的制衡。

Vocabulary Card

mechanisms = means 机制，原理；

ultimately = eventually 最终地；

kept in check = prevented 阻止；

securing = getting 获得。

冰川：形成，移动和分布

文章说冰川其实是会change和move的，只是改变的不明显而已。然后文章开始讲水循环，说冰川是一个巨大的reservoir， 所以在循环的过程中非常重要。接着又讨论了冰川的形成机制，是因为积雪压实。冰川的运作分为两种：一种是冰纳码川本身的内部流动；另外一种是冰川整体与周围的滑动，有水作为润滑的话会运动得更快。最后讲了影响冰川运作的因素，包括地理位置和海拔等等，举了华盛顿冰川的例子解释海拔的影响。

Vocabulary Card

straightforward = simple 直接的，简单的；

characteristic = identifying典型的，特有的；

induce = cause 引起，促使；

distribution = dispersal 分布。

托福考试真题在线模拟

阅读考试的体量和分数在托福考试中占比是比较大的，需要大家了解考试的要求。下面是我整理的2021年11月20日托福阅读考试真题及答案。

2021年11月20日托福阅读考试真题

R1

地球海洋怎么形成的

R2

鸟类集体活动

R3

两种不同的部落迁移方式

R4

一个时期的植物动物都很大，和含氧水平有关

托福阅读题型

一闷者、细节题

先找到题目中的关键词，然后在阅读文章中找到这个关键词所在的前后所有句子，再去理解这几个句子的意思，对比题目中的四个选项，正确的选项通常是你找到的原文中句子的同义句或者是同义改写的句睁晌子。但是这种类型的题目很多正确的选项通常都表达的比较含蓄，或者是从一个思维方式上面进行的描述。

二、总结题

做这种题型的题目首先是要阅读文章每个段落的主旨句，然后再去看看选项中的答案，通过对比之后排除掉明显的错误答案，然后再比较剩下来的选项找出正确的。正确的选项是必须要和这个题目的关键句有关联的，或者是文章中段落的主旨句改写的。

三、词汇题

这种题是不需要解法的，要求学生在备考的过程中多背单词，这类题只能通过背单词来让正确率得到提升，在近几年考的最多的是熟悉的单词不同的意思，所以在背单词的时候一定要总结这种常见的单词更多不同的意思，并且要重点记这个单词不常见的意思，在考试过程中遇到的概率是非常大的。

小托福口语真题

2017年9月9日的考试真题解析已经出来了，口语考试题目有哪些呢?托福栏目我整理了相关凳碰山的资料，希望可以帮助考生度过考试的难关，下面是我枣中搜集的托福口语真题解析相关资讯，欢迎参考!

新托福口语Task2题目:

Some people like participating in performance like theatrical or musical show. Others prefer being audience watching those plays. Which one do you prefer?

新托福口语Task2解析:

Task2是关于更愿意参与演出还是观看演出。两方面都比较好说，愿意参与可以说自己有interest and energy并且enjoy performing on the stage。愿意观看可以说not very good(或者dont have the talent) at music or acting并且busy with academic work and don`t have enough time to practice for the performance。

以上就是托福考试真题的全部内容，3. 通过净化器的水不能用于drinking和cooking，而海水对人身体不好，所以净化器没有用。托福写作考试字数有没有要求?速度提升 其实对于托福作文来说，不外乎四个字“熟能生巧”。但是互相我们写托福 写作的过程，内容来源于互联网，信息真伪需自行辨别。如有侵权请联系删除。